Moderate prevalence of transmitted drug resistance and interiorization of HIV type 1 subtype C in the inland North State of Tocantins, Brazil

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dc.contributor.authorCarvalho, Bruna Coelhoen_US
dc.contributor.authorCardoso, Ludimila Paula Vazen_US
dc.contributor.authorDamasceno, Sirleneen_US
dc.contributor.authorStefani, Mariane Martins de Araújoen_US
dc.creator.affilliationUniversidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.pt_BR
dc.creator.affilliationUniversidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.pt_BR
dc.creator.affilliationLaboratório Central de Saúde Pública. Palmas, TO, Brasil.pt_BR
dc.creator.affilliationUniversidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.pt_BR
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-03T19:16:14Z
dc.date.available2022-01-03T19:16:14Z
dc.date.issued2011en_US
dc.description.abstractenThe diverse Brazilian AIDS epidemic has reached small cities and scant molecular information is available about the epidemic in Northern Brazil, where the incidence is growing. This study describes transmitted drug resistance and subtypes in the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions among naive patients recruited in Palmas, the capital of Tocantins State, a newly built city in Northern Brazil. PR/RT regions were retrotranscribed from plasma HIV-1 RNA and 52 were sequenced after direct nested PCR. HIV-1 subtypes were assigned by phylogenetic analysis. Transmitted drug resistance was analyzed by the Calibrated Population Resistance tool Stanford Surveillance Drug Resistance Mutation. Most patients included (59.6%) were males, the median age was 30 years and were mainly referred because of heterosexual or homosexual unprotected sex. One male patient was from the Karajás indigenous tribe. The prevalence of transmitted resistance was 11.5% (CI 95%, 4.4–23.4%): nonnucleoside RT inhibitor mutations (n=3), nucleoside RT inhibitor mutations (n=2), and protease inhibitor mutations (n=1). Dual or triple class resistance was not observed. HIV-1 subtype Bᴾᴿ/Bᴿᵀ represented 78.8%, 5.8% were subtype Cᴾᴿ/Cᴿᵀ, and 1.9% were subtype F1ᴾᴿ/F1ᴿᵀ. Recombinant viruses represented 13.5% (07/52): Bᴾᴿ/F1ᴿᵀ (n=1), Bᴾᴿ/BF1ᴿᵀ (n=4), and Cᴾᴿ/CF1ᴿᵀ (n=2). This study about the AIDS epidemic in the recently founded city of Palmas/Tocantins in inland Northern Brazil shows moderate levels of transmitted drug resistance and the circulation of diverse recombinant viruses. This pattern is similar to what has been described in major metropolitan cities, suggesting the influence of imported cases from the south/southeast. Moreover these results indicate that patients from this setting should be monitored regarding transmitted drug resistance mutations.en_US
dc.identifier.citationCARVALHO, Bruna Coelho et al. Moderate prevalence of transmitted drug resistance and interiorization of HIV type 1 subtype C in the inland North State of Tocantins, Brazil. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, v. 27, n. 10, p. 1081-1087, 4 Oct. 2011.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1089/aid.2010.0334en_US
dc.identifier.eissn1931-8405en_US
dc.identifier.issn0889-2229en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.bvspovosindigenas.fiocruz.br/handle/bvs/5639
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMary Ann Lieberten_US
dc.rightsclosed accessen_US
dc.subject.decsBrasilpt_BR
dc.subject.decsÍndios Sul-Americanospt_BR
dc.subject.decsSaúde de Populações Indígenaspt_BR
dc.subject.decsEcossistema Amazônicopt_BR
dc.subject.decsEpidemiologiapt_BR
dc.subject.decsSíndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquiridapt_BR
dc.subject.decsEstudos Epidemiológicospt_BR
dc.subject.decsResistência a Medicamentospt_BR
dc.subject.otherRegião Nortept_BR
dc.subject.otherRegião Amazônicapt_BR
dc.subject.otherKarajápt_BR
dc.subject.otherTocantinspt_BR
dc.titleModerate prevalence of transmitted drug resistance and interiorization of HIV type 1 subtype C in the inland North State of Tocantins, Brazilen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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