Browsing by Author "Horta, Bernardo L."

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Anemia among indigenous women in Brazil: findings from the First National Survey of Indigenous People’s Health and Nutrition
    (BMC, 2015) Borges, Maria Carolina; Buffarini, Romina; Santos, Ricardo Ventura; Cardoso, Andrey Moreira; Welch, James R.; Garnelo, Luiza; Coimbra Junior, Carlos Everaldo Alvares; Horta, Bernardo L.
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    Avaliação da atenção pré-natal ofertada às mulheres indígenas no Brasil: achados do Primeiro Inquérito Nacional de Saúde e Nutrição dos Povos Indígenas
    (Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2019) Garnelo, Luiza; Horta, Bernardo L.; Escobar, Ana Lúcia; Santos, Ricardo Ventura; Cardoso, Andrey Moreira; Welch, James R.; Tavares, Felipe Guimarães; Coimbra Junior, Carlos Everaldo Alvares
    Este estudo avalia a atenção pré-natal de mulheres indígenas com idades entre 14-49 anos, com filhos menores de 60 meses no Brasil. O Primeiro Inquérito Nacional de Saúde e Nutrição dos Povos Indígenas avaliou 3.967 mulheres que atendiam a tais requisitos, sendo 41,3% da Região Norte; 21,2% do Centro-oeste; 22,2% do Nordeste; e 15% do Sul/Sudeste. O pré-natal foi ofertado a 3.437 (86,6%) delas. A Região Norte registrou a maior proporção de mulheres que não fizeram pré-natal. A cobertura alcançada foi de 90,4%, mas somente cerca de 30% iniciaram o pré-natal no 1o trimestre e apenas 60% das elegíveis foram vacinadas contra difteria e tétano. Somente 16% das gestantes indígenas realizaram 7 ou mais consultas de pré-natal. Ter acesso a pelo menos um cuidado clínico-obstétrico foi observado em cerca de 97% dos registros, exceto exame de mamas (63%). Foi baixa a solicitação de exames (glicemia 53,6%, urina 53%, hemograma 56,9%, citologia oncótica 12,9%, teste de sífilis 57,6%, sorologia para HIV 44,2%, hepatite B 53,6%, rubéola 21,4% e toxoplasmose 32,6%) e prescrição de sulfato ferroso (44,1%). No conjunto, a proporção de solicitações de exames laboratoriais preconizados não ultrapassou 53%. Os percentuais de realização das ações do pré-natal das indígenas são mais baixos que os encontrados para mulheres não indígenas no conjunto do território nacional, e até mesmo para as residentes em regiões de elevada vulnerabilidade social e baixa cobertura assistencial como a Amazônia Legal e o Nordeste. Os resultados reafirmam a persistência de desigualdades étnico-raciais que comprometem a saúde e o bem-estar de mães indígenas.
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    Diarrhea and health inequity among Indigenous children in Brazil: results from the First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition
    (BMC, 2015) Escobar, Ana Lúcia; Coimbra Junior, Carlos Everaldo Alvares; Welch, James R.; Horta, Bernardo L.; Santos, Ricardo Ventura; Cardoso, Andrey Moreira
    BACKGROUND: Globally, diarrhea is the second leading cause of death among children under five. In Brazil, mortality due to diarrhea underwent a significant reduction in recent decades principally due to expansion of the primary healthcare network, use of oral rehydration therapy, reduced child undernutrition, and improved access to safe drinking water. The First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition in Brazil, conducted in 2008-2009, was the first survey based on a nationwide representative sample to study the prevalence of diarrhea and associated factors among Indigenous children in the country. METHODS: The survey assessed the health and nutritional status of Indigenous children < 5 years of age based on a representative sample of major Brazilian geopolitical regions. A stratified probabilistic sampling was carried out for Indigenous villages. Within villages, children < 5 years of age in sampled households were included in the study. Interviews were based on a seven day recall period. Prevalence rates of acute diarrhea were calculated for independent variables and hierarchical multivariable analyses were conducted to assess associations. RESULTS: Information on diarrhea was obtained for 5,828 children (95.1% of the total sample). The overall prevalence of diarrhea was 23.5%. Regional differences were observed, with the highest rate being in the North (38.1%). Higher risk of diarrhea was observed among younger children and those who had less maternal schooling, lower household socioeconomic status, undernutrition (weight-for-age deficit), presence of another child with diarrhea in the household, and occurrence of upper respiratory infection. CONCLUSIONS: According to results of the First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition, almost a quarter of Indigenous children throughout the country had diarrhea during the previous week. This prevalence is substantially higher than that documented in 2006 for Brazilian children < 5 years generally (9.4%). Due to its exceedingly multicausal nature, the set of associated variables that remained associated with child diarrhea in the final multivariable model provide an excellent reflection of the diverse social and health inequities faced by Indigenous peoples in contemporary Brazil.
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    The First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition in Brazil: rationale, methodology, and overview of results.
    (Elsevier, 2013) Coimbra Junior, Carlos Everaldo Alvares; Santos, Ricardo Ventura; Welch, James R.; Cardoso, Andrey Moreira; Souza, Mirian Carvalho de; Garnelo, Luiza; Rassi, Elias; Follér, Maj-Lis; Horta, Bernardo L.
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    Nutritional status of indigenous children: findings from the First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition in Brazil
    (BMC, 2013) Horta, Bernardo L.; Santos, Ricardo Ventura; Welch, James R.; Cardoso, Andrey Moreira; Santos, Janaína Vieira dos; Assis, Ana Marlúcia Oliveira; Lira, Pedro C. I.; Coimbra Junior, Carlos Everaldo Alvares
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    Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among indigenous children in Brazil: results from the first national survey of indigenous people's health and nutrition
    (BMC, 2013) Leite, Maurício S.; Cardoso, Andrey M.; Coimbra Junior, Carlos Everaldo Alvares; Welch, James R.; Gugelmin, Silvia A.; Lira, Pedro Israel Cabral de; Horta, Bernardo L.; Santos, Ricardo Ventura; Escobar, Ana Lúcia
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    Prevalence of pneumonia and associated factors among indigenous children in Brazil: results from the First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition
    (Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2015) Cardoso, Andrey Moreira; Horta, Bernardo L.; Santos, Ricardo Ventura; Escobar, Ana L.; Welch, James R.; Coimbra Junior, Carlos Everaldo Alvares
    Background: Based on data from a nationally representative sample of indigenous villages in Brazilian indigenous reserves, the study sought to estimate the prevalence of pneumonia and evaluate associated factors among indigenous children under 5 years of age. Methods: Sociodemographic, clinical and reported data on child respiratory health fromthe First National Survey of Indigenous People’s Health and Nutrition in Brazil were collected for 6128 children. Prevalence of pneumonia was calculated for independent variables and hierarchical multivariate analyseswere performed to assess associations. Results: The overall prevalence proportions of cough, nasal congestion, pneumonia, and pneumonia with fever were 44.4%, 31.0%, 2.63%, and 1.28%, respectively. In the multivariate model, pneumoniawas more frequent among children living in the South/Southeast and North regions of Brazil. Children living in larger households or houseswith wood or thatch roofing, aswell those with lowbirthweight or stunting, presented higher risk of pneumonia. Pneumoniawas less prevalent among children living in houses with wood flooring and those presenting low weight-for-age. Conclusions: The study results demonstrate that pneumonia is an important cause of illness among indigenous children throughout Brazil. The association between pneumonia and household characteristics suggests that indoor home environment is closely related to the respiratory health of indigenous children.