Health of Indigenous Peoples in Brazil: Inequities and the Uneven Trajectory of Public Policies

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dc.contributor.authorSantos, Ricardo Ventura
dc.contributor.authorWelch, James R.
dc.contributor.authorPontes, Ana LĂșcia
dc.contributor.authorGarnelo, Luiza
dc.contributor.authorCardoso, Andrey Moreira
dc.contributor.authorCoimbra Jr., Carlos E. A.
dc.creator.affilliationFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de SaĂșde PĂșblica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasilen_US
dc.creator.affilliationFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de SaĂșde PĂșblica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasilen_US
dc.creator.affilliationFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de SaĂșde PĂșblica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasilen_US
dc.creator.affilliationFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto LeÎnidas e Maria Deane. Manaus, AM, Brasilen_US
dc.creator.affilliationFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de SaĂșde PĂșblica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasilen_US
dc.creator.affilliationFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de SaĂșde PĂșblica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasilen_US
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-30T12:30:04Z
dc.date.available2022-09-30T12:30:04Z
dc.date.issued2022-08
dc.description.abstractenVictims of epidemics, slavery, genocide, and countless other episodes of violence during the colonial enterprise in Brazil, which continues decades into the 21st century in some regions, Indigenous peoples face health inequities resulting from a five-century history of social marginalization and vulnerability. Since the late 1990s, the health and well-being of Indigenous peoples in the country have benefited from progressive legislation that values sociocultural diversity within a public primary healthcare subsystem attending to Indigenous peoples living in federal Indigenous lands. However, these transcultural ideals remain elusive in practice. The Indigenous Healthcare Subsystem continues to suffer from numerous systemic problems, including low quality of local services, lack of health professional training for work in intercultural contexts, and unpreparedness for attending to health emergencies involving Indigenous peoples living in voluntary isolation. Being Indigenous in Brazil in the 2020s implies greater chances of higher infant mortality, lower life expectancy, suffering from undernutrition and anemia during childhood, living with a high burden of infectious and parasitic diseases, being exposed to a swift process of nutritional transition, and experiencing a surge in chronic violence. Community case studies have shown the importance of close patient follow-up over long periods of time, the heavy burden of disease due to nutrition transition since the mid-1980s, the relevance of international reference curves for evaluating Indigenous child undernutrition, and failures of primary healthcare provided to Indigenous populations. Improvements in national health information systems in Brazil beginning in the early 2000s have shown external causes, perinatal diseases, infectious and parasitic diseases, and respiratory diseases to be the leading causes of death among the country’s Indigenous population.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSantos, R. V.; Welch, J. R.; Pontes, A.L; Garnelo, L.; Cardoso, A. M.; Coimbra Jr., C. A. Health of Indigenous peoples in Brazil: Inequities and the uneven trajectory of public policies. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedias of Global Public Health (D. McQueen, Ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, p. 1-33.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190632366.013.33
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.bvspovosindigenas.fiocruz.br/handle/bvs/7335
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherOxford University Pressen_US
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.subject.decsBrasilen_US
dc.subject.decsSaĂșde de PopulaçÔes IndĂ­genasen_US
dc.subject.decsÍndios Sul-Americanosen_US
dc.subject.decsDesigualdades em SaĂșdeen_US
dc.subject.decsMorbidadeen_US
dc.subject.decsMortalidadeen_US
dc.subject.decsDemografiaen_US
dc.subject.decsGovernança em SaĂșdeen_US
dc.subject.enBrazilen_US
dc.subject.enHealth Governanceen_US
dc.subject.enHealth Iniquityen_US
dc.subject.enDemographyen_US
dc.subject.enHealth of Indigenous Peoplesen_US
dc.subject.enIndians, South Americanen_US
dc.titleHealth of Indigenous Peoples in Brazil: Inequities and the Uneven Trajectory of Public Policiesen_US
dc.typeBook chapteren_US
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