Food profile of Yanomami indigenous children aged 6 to 59 months from the Brazilian Amazon, according to the degree of food processing: a cross-sectional study

Federal University of Pelotas. Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food. Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Federal University of Maranhão. Postgraduate Program in Public Health. São Luis, MA, Brazil
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute. Manaus, AM, Brazil
Federal University of Pelotas. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology. Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Federal University of Pelotas. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology. Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. National School of Public Health. Samuel Pessoa Department of Endemics. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Federal University of Pelotas. Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food. Pelotas, RS, Brazil / Federal University of Pelotas. Faculty of Nutrition. Pelotas, ES, Brazil

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the food profile of Yanomami indigenous children according to the degree of food processing and its associated factors. Design: This is a cross-sectional study with Yanomami indigenous children aged 6 to 59 months. Sociodemographic, maternal, and infant data were collected through a standardized questionnaire. The food profile was obtained by using a list of 34 foods to verify the child’s consumption of these foods on the day preceding the interview. Foods were classified according to the degree of processing based on the NOVA system (in natura or minimally processed, processed culinary ingredients, processed, and ultra-processed). In natura and minimally processed foods were subdivided into ‘regional’ and ‘urban’ foods. Poisson regression analysis was applied to estimate the associated factors according to the 90% confidence interval. Setting: Three villages (Auaris, Maturacá and Ariabú) in the Yanomami indigenous territory, in the Brazilian Amazon. Participants: 251 Yanomami children aged 6 to 59 months were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of consumption of ‘regional’ and ‘urban’ in natura or minimally processed foods was 93% and 56%, respectively, and consumption of ultra-processed foods was 32%. Ultra-processed food consumption was 11.6 times higher in children of Maturacá and 9.2 times higher in Ariabú when compared to the children of Auaris, and 31% lower in children who had mothers with shorter stature. Conclusion: Despite the high frequency of consumption of in natura and minimally processed foods, the consumption of ultra-processed foods was substantial and was associated with demographic and maternal factors in Yanomani indigenous children under five years old.

Keywords in Portuguese

Yanomami, Região Amazônica, Alimentação e Nutrição

Keywords

Brazil, Indians, South American, Health of Indigenous Peoples, Child Nutrition, Epidemiology

DeCS

Brasil, Saúde de Populações Indígenas, Índios Sul-Americanos, Nutrição da Criança, Epidemiologia, Hábitos Alimentares, Alimentos, Dieta e Nutrição

Citation

MORAES, Aline Oliveira dos S.; et al. Food profile of Yanomami indigenous children aged 6 to 59 months from the Brazilian Amazon, according to the degree of food processing: a cross-sectional study. Public Health Nutrition, p. 1 - 30, 2022

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980022001306

URI

https://repositorio.bvspovosindigenas.fiocruz.br/handle/bvs/7016

Collections

AN - Preprint

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