Uniparental genetic markers in South Amerindians
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open access
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Article
Date
2012
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Sociedade Brasileira de Genética
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Departamento de Genética. Instituto de Biociências. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Abstract
Abstract
A comprehensive review of uniparental systems in South Amerindians was undertaken. Variability in the Y-chromosome haplogroups were assessed in 68 populations and 1,814 individuals whereas that of Y-STR markers was assessed in 29 populations and 590 subjects. Variability in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup was examined in 108 populations and 6,697 persons, and sequencing studies used either the complete mtDNA genome or the highly variable segments 1 and 2. The diversity of the markers made it difficult to establish a general picture of Y-chromosome variability in the populations studied. However, haplogroup Q1a3a* was almost always the most prevalent whereas Q1a3* occurred equally in all regions, which suggested its prevalence among the early colonizers. The STR allele frequencies were used to derive a possible ancient Native American Q-clade chromosome haplotype and five of six STR loci showed significant geographic variation. Geographic and linguistic factors moderately influenced the mtDNA distributions (6% and 7%, respectively) and mtDNA haplogroups A and D correlated positively and negatively, respectively, with latitude. The data analyzed here provide rich material for understanding the biological history of South Amerindians and can serve as a basis for comparative studies involving other types of data, such as cultural data.
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Keywords in Portuguese
Índios Sul-Americanos, Saúde de Populações Indígenas, DNA Mitocondrial, Genética Médica
Keywords
Health of Indigenous Peoples, Indians, South American, Genetics, Medical
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Saúde de Populações Indígenas, Índios Sul-Americanos, DNA Mitocondrial, Genética Humana
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BISSO-MACHADO, Rafael; BORTOLINI, Maria Cátira; SALZANO, Francisco M. Uniparental genetic markers in South Amerindians. Genetics and Molecular Biology, v. 35, n. 2, p. 365-387, 2012.
ISBN
ISSN
1678-4685
DOI
10.1590/S1415-47572012005000027